Tortosa

	España
	40.82 ° N 0.48 ° E
	50 m
	Cálido templado bosque seco

Csa

Hot-summer Mediterranean climate

Csal

Subtropical climate with dry summer with hot summer with mild winter

Traditional Koppen classification: Csa (Hot-summer Mediterranean climate)

Official definition:

C – temperature of warmest month greater than or equal to 10 °C and temperature of coldest month less than 18 °C, but higher than -3 °C
s – precipitation in the driest month during the summer half year is less than 30 mm and less than one third of the precipitation in the month with highest precipitation in the winter half year.
a - temperature of the warmest month is higher than 22 °C

Cs climate type is characterized by a dry summer and wet winter. In the case of the Csa subtype, the summer tends to be very warm. The average temperature of the warmest month is above 22 °C. The wettest month in the winter usually has three times as much precipitation than the driest month in the summer, which usually has less than 30 mm of rainfall. Summers are therefore quite dry, with relatively little cloudiness and often longer periods with no rain at all. Winters on the other hand are wet and very rarely it snows as well.

Temperatures in the summer reach very high values between 30 and 40 °C. In the winter it is very unusual for the temperatures to fall below freezing point.

The continental Mediterranean climate (Csa) is sometimes also referred to as hot Mediterranean climate. The higher temperatures are the result of the fact that the places are usually deeper inland. The Csa subtype is more common than the other Cs climates and usually represents what most people imagine under the term “Mediterranean climate”.

It can be found for example around the Mediterranean sea in Europe, in Southwest Australia, Southwestern part of South Africa, some parts in Central Asia and in Northern California. Other places also include some microregions such as the Spanish capital Madrid, Italian Rome, American Los Angeles or Perth in Australia.

Modern Trewartha classification: Csal (Subtropical climate with dry summer with hot summer with mild winter)

Subtropical in the Koppen and Trewartha classification is defined as a region, where at least eight months has an average temperature of more than 10 °C, but the coldest month has an average temperature of less than 18 °C. The individual subtypes then differ in their annual precipitation distribution. In Trewartha classification there is a condition of maximum annual precipitation of 900 mm.

In general the subtropical climate is usually found in areas polewards from the tropical zones. It can also be found inside tropical zones at places with higher altitude. Typical are for example citrus trees or palm trees.

The Cs subtype in the Trewartha classification represents a subtropical climate with dry summer, sometimes referred to as the Mediterranean climate. It is characterized by hot and dry summers and mild winters, during which most of the precipitation is observed. High pressure is the dominating factor in the summer, when precipitation is very small and if there is some, it is usually in the form of very short, but intense thunderstorms. In the winter it can sometimes snow, especially at higher altitudes, but in general the winters are mild.

This climate type is most common in western coasts of continents in the middle latitudes, for example it includes areas on the West coast of the U.S. such as California, Southern Europe or Southwest tip of Australia.

hot summer: warmest month with average temperature between 23 and 28 °C
mild winter: coldest month with average temperature between 10 and 18 °C

Resumen

17.2 °C
12.1 / 21.8

559.0 mm
80 días

55 %

7 h 10 min/dia

Temperatura

	Mes												Media
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Media
Min Temperatura(°C)	5.0	6.0	8.0	10.0	13.0	17.0	20.0	20.0	18.0	13.0	9.0	6.0	12.1
Avg Temperatura(°C)	10.1	11.3	13.1	15.2	18.3	22.2	25.3	25.3	22.8	18.4	13.5	10.5	17.2
Max Temperatura (°C)	14.0	16.0	18.0	21.0	23.0	27.0	30.0	30.0	28.0	23.0	18.0	14.0	21.8
Rango	9.0	10.0	10.0	11.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	9.0	8.0	9.7

	Max mes	Min mes	Rango anual
Min Temperatura	Jul, Ago	Ene	15.0°C
Avg Temperatura	Jul, Ago	Ene	15.2°C
Max Temperatura	Jul, Ago	Ene, Dic	16.0°C
Rango de temperatura	Abr	Dic	25.0°C

	Month												Media
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Media
Min Temperatura(°C)
Avg Temperatura(°C)
Max Temperatura(°C)

	Mar, Abr, May				Jun, Jul, Ago				Sep, Oct, Nov				Dic, Ene, Feb
	Max	Min	Media	Rango	Max	Min	Media	Rango	Max	Min	Media	Rango	Max	Min	Media	Rango
Min Temperatura	13.0	8.0	10.33	5.0	20.0	17.0	19.00	3.0	18.0	9.0	13.33	9.0	6.0	5.0	5.67	1.0
Avg Temperatura	18.3	13.1	15.53	5.2	25.3	22.2	24.27	3.1	22.8	13.5	18.23	9.3	11.3	10.1	10.63	1.2
Max Temperatura	23.0	18.0	20.67	5.0	30.0	27.0	29.00	3.0	28.0	18.0	23.00	10.0	16.0	14.0	14.67	2.0

Temperatura

	Mes												Media
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Media
Avg Temperatura (°C)	10.1	11.3	13.1	15.2	18.3	22.2	25.3	25.3	22.8	18.4	13.5	10.5	17.2

	Max mes	Min mes	Rango anual
Avg Temperatura	Jul, Ago	Ene	15.2°C

	Mes												Media
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Media
Avg Temperatura (°C)

	Mar, Abr, May				Jun, Jul, Ago				Sep, Oct, Nov				Dic, Ene, Feb
	Max	Min	Media	Rango	Max	Min	Media	Rango	Max	Min	Media	Rango	Max	Min	Media	Rango
Avg Temperatura	18.3	13.1	15.53	5.2	25.3	22.2	24.27	3.1	22.8	13.5	18.23	9.3	11.3	10.1	10.63	1.2

Humedad

	Mes												Media
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Media
Avg Humedad (%)	58.0	53.0	54.0	52.0	53.0	52.0	51.0	54.0	58.0	58.0	58.0	60.0	17.2

	Max mes	Min mes	Rango anual
Avg Humedad	Dic	Jul	9.0%

	Mes												Media
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Media
Avg Humedad (%)

	Mar, Abr, May				Jun, Jul, Ago				Sep, Oct, Nov				Dic, Ene, Feb
	Max	Min	Media	Rango	Max	Min	Media	Rango	Max	Min	Media	Rango	Max	Min	Media	Rango
Avg Humedad	54.0	52.0	53.00	2.0	54.0	51.0	52.33	3.0	58.0	58.0	58.00	0.0	60.0	53.0	57.00	7.0

Precipitación

	Mes												Media mensual	Total anual
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Media mensual	Total anual
Precipitación media mensual (mm)	33.0	33.0	31.0	46.0	62.0	37.0	14.0	37.0	71.0	92.0	60.0	43.0	46.6	559.0
Días de lluvia	6	5	9	8	9	7	4	6	6	7	6	7	7	80
Días de lluvia ratio (%)	19.4 6,25	17.9 5,23	29.0 9,22	26.7 8,22	29.0 9,22	23.3 7,23	12.9 4,27	19.4 6,25	20.0 6,24	22.6 7,24	20.0 6,24	22.6 7,24	21.9 21.9178,78.0822

	Max mes	Min mes	Max Estaciones	Min Estaciones	Rango anual
Precipitación media mensual	Oct	Jul	Otoño	Verano	78.0mm
Días de lluvia	Mar, May	Jul	Otoño	Verano	5

	Mes
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
Precipitación media mensual (mm)
Días de lluvia / mes

	Mar, Abr, May				Jun, Jul, Ago				Sep, Oct, Nov				Dic, Ene, Feb
	Max	Min	Rango	Total	Max	Min	Rango	Total	Max	Min	Rango	Total	Max	Min	Rango	Total
Precipitación media mensual (mm)	62.0	31.0	31.0	139.0	37.0	14.0	23.0	88.0	92.0	60.0	32.0	223.0	43.0	33.0	10.0	109.0
Días de lluvia	9	8	1	26	7	4	3	17	18	6	12	38	7	5	2	18

Precipitación

	Mes												Media mensual	Total anual
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Media mensual	Total anual
Precipitación media mensual (mm)	33.0	33.0	31.0	46.0	62.0	37.0	14.0	37.0	71.0	92.0	60.0	43.0	46.6	559.0

	Max mes	Min mes	Max Estaciones	Min Estaciones	Rango anual
Precipitación media mensual	Oct	Jul	Otoño	Verano	78.0mm

	Mes
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
Precipitación media mensual (mm)

	Mar, Abr, May				Jun, Jul, Ago				Sep, Oct, Nov				Dic, Ene, Feb
	Max	Min	Rango	Total	Max	Min	Rango	Total	Max	Min	Rango	Total	Max	Min	Rango	Total
Precipitación media mensual (mm)	62.0	31.0	31.0	139.0	37.0	14.0	23.0	88.0	92.0	60.0	32.0	223.0	43.0	33.0	10.0	109.0

Luz solar / Duracion del dia

	Average daily sunlight	Average day length	Max duracion del dia	Min duracion del dia	Luz solar/Duracion del dia
Ene	319 min 5 h 19 min	577 min 9 h 37 min 577,863	604 min 10 h 4 min (31.1.) 604,836	558 min 9 h 18 min (1.1.) 558,882	55.3 % 319,258
Feb	371 min 6 h 11 min	640 min 10 h 40 min 640,800	676 min 11 h 16 min (29.2.) 676,764	606 min 10 h 6 min (1.2.) 606,834	58.0 % 371,269
Mar	354 min 5 h 54 min	719 min 11 h 59 min 719,721	760 min 12 h 40 min (31.3.) 760,680	679 min 11 h 19 min (1.3.) 679,761	49.2 % 354,365
Abr	470 min 7 h 50 min	800 min 13 h 20 min 800,640	837 min 13 h 57 min (30.4.) 837,603	763 min 12 h 43 min (1.4.) 763,677	58.7 % 470,330
May	505 min 8 h 25 min	869 min 14 h 29 min 869,571	893 min 14 h 53 min (31.5.) 893,547	839 min 13 h 59 min (1.5.) 839,601	58.1 % 505,364
Jun	572 min 9 h 32 min	903 min 15 h 3 min 903,537	905 min 15 h 5 min (20.6.) 905,535	894 min 14 h 54 min (1.6.) 894,546	63.4 % 572,331
Jul	619 min 10 h 19 min	884 min 14 h 44 min 884,556	902 min 15 h 2 min (1.7.) 902,538	859 min 14 h 19 min (31.7.) 859,581	70.0 % 619,265
Ago	555 min 9 h 15 min	823 min 13 h 43 min 823,617	857 min 14 h 17 min (1.8.) 857,583	786 min 13 h 6 min (31.8.) 786,654	67.5 % 555,268
Sep	428 min 7 h 8 min	745 min 12 h 25 min 745,695	783 min 13 h 3 min (1.9.) 783,657	706 min 11 h 46 min (30.9.) 706,734	57.5 % 428,317
Oct	350 min 5 h 50 min	664 min 11 h 4 min 664,776	703 min 11 h 43 min (1.10.) 703,737	625 min 10 h 25 min (31.10.) 625,815	52.7 % 350,314
Nov	330 min 5 h 30 min	593 min 9 h 53 min 593,847	623 min 10 h 23 min (1.11.) 623,817	567 min 9 h 27 min (30.11.) 567,873	55.7 % 330,263
Dic	288 min 4 h 48 min	557 min 9 h 17 min 557,883	566 min 9 h 26 min (1.12.) 566,874	554 min 9 h 14 min (21.12.) 554,886	51.7 % 288,269
Año	466 min 7 h 46 min	731 min 12 h 11 min 731,709	905 min 15 h 5 min (20. 6.) 905,535	554 min 9 h 14 min (21. 12.) 554,886	63.7 % 466,265

	Mar, Abr, May				Jun, Jul, Ago				Sep, Oct, Nov				Dic, Ene, Feb
	Max	Min	Media	Luz solar/dia	Max	Min	Media	Luz solar/dia	Max	Min	Media	Luz solar/dia	Max	Min	Media	Luz solar/dia
Average sunlight (min/dia)	505	354	443	55.6% 443,353	619	555	582	67.0% 582,287	428	330	369	55.4% 369,298	371	288	326	55.2% 326,264
Duracion del dia	893	679	796	55.6% 443,353	905	786	869	67.0% 582,287	783	567	667	55.4% 369,298	676	554	590	55.2% 326,264

Duracion del dia

	Average day length	Max duracion del dia	Min duracion del dia
Ene	577 min 9 h 37 min 577,863	604 min 10 h 4 min (Array.1.) 604,836	558 min 9 h 18 min (1.1.) 558,882
Feb	640 min 10 h 40 min 640,800	676 min 11 h 16 min (Array.2.) 676,764	606 min 10 h 6 min (1.2.) 606,834
Mar	719 min 11 h 59 min 719,721	760 min 12 h 40 min (Array.3.) 760,680	679 min 11 h 19 min (1.3.) 679,761
Abr	800 min 13 h 20 min 800,640	837 min 13 h 57 min (Array.4.) 837,603	763 min 12 h 43 min (1.4.) 763,677
May	869 min 14 h 29 min 869,571	893 min 14 h 53 min (Array.5.) 893,547	839 min 13 h 59 min (1.5.) 839,601
Jun	903 min 15 h 3 min 903,537	905 min 15 h 5 min (Array.6.) 905,535	894 min 14 h 54 min (1.6.) 894,546
Jul	884 min 14 h 44 min 884,556	902 min 15 h 2 min (Array.7.) 902,538	859 min 14 h 19 min (31.7.) 859,581
Ago	823 min 13 h 43 min 823,617	857 min 14 h 17 min (Array.8.) 857,583	786 min 13 h 6 min (31.8.) 786,654
Sep	745 min 12 h 25 min 745,695	783 min 13 h 3 min (Array.9.) 783,657	706 min 11 h 46 min (30.9.) 706,734
Oct	664 min 11 h 4 min 664,776	703 min 11 h 43 min (Array.10.) 703,737	625 min 10 h 25 min (31.10.) 625,815
Nov	593 min 9 h 53 min 593,847	623 min 10 h 23 min (Array.11.) 623,817	567 min 9 h 27 min (30.11.) 567,873
Dic	557 min 9 h 17 min 557,883	566 min 9 h 26 min (Array.12.) 566,874	554 min 9 h 14 min (21.12.) 554,886
Año	731 min 12 h 11 min 731,709	905 min 15 h 5 min (21. 6.) 905,535	554 min 9 h 14 min (22. 12.) 554,886